two questions discussion posts

make sure to use references and back up with in cite qoutes , make it a lengthy paragraph or two.

1. What is meant by informal organization? How does the informal organization affect the formal organization? Discuss the approaches by which a leader can foster cooperation between informal and formal groups within an organization.?

2.Community Oriented Policing (COP) has served as the vehicle to develop partnerships between police agencies and citizens in solving crime issues common to both of them. Recently there has been a certain level of controversy as to the effectiveness of COP programs. Discuss where you see the future of COP programs going, and what changes you would make in order to make them more effective.?